Votkinsk plant that produces. Votkinsk Engineering Plant

Plant foundation

IN 1757   in the year, Count P.I. Shuvalov received permission from Empress Elizabeth to build the Votkinsk ironworks.

in 1758   in the year its construction began by decree of the state Berg College. The first iron at the Votkinsk ironworks was received on September 21 (October 2) 1759.

IN 1763   the year after the death of Shuvalov (1762), the Votkinsk and Izhevsk plants were transferred to the treasury to cover the Shuvalov family debts, and have since been state enterprises.

The reason for the construction of the plant was the depletion of forests near the then existing (mid-18th century) mining enterprises of the Urals. The importation of firewood from a distance made iron production more expensive. The way out of this situation was the displacement of ore processing in areas with forests not yet cut down. In addition to the Votkinsk ironworks, as an example of the implementation of such a strategy, one can also cite the nearby Izhevsk Ironworks, built in 1760 - 1763. The place for the Votkinsk and Izhevsk iron mills was chosen by combining proximity to a large waterway (the Kama River, which runs 15 to 20 kilometers from the current city of Votkinsk), the presence of forests, which were then the main fuel for industry, and proximity to mining enterprises.

1779   - Decree of Catherine II on the introduction of the production of anchors for ships of the Navy at the plant. The construction of a large anchor factory has begun.

1782   - The first admiralty type anchors are issued. Anchor production lasted 140 years at the plant.

FROM 1837   by 1848   years, the head of the Votkinsk ironworks was the mountain chief of the Kama-Votkinsk district Ilya Petrovich Tchaikovsky (1795-1880), the father of the composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky.

IN 1840 years under the head of Ilya Petrovich Tchaikovsky, the company changes its specialization and turns from a purely metallurgical to engineering.

IN 1847   the year began the production of steamboats, and in 1868 - steam locomotives. The uniqueness of these undertakings is that the plant was located on the banks of a small shallow river, 12 km in a straight line from the deep Kama, and was not connected to the country's railway network. Therefore, steamboats and other vessels were built with the condition that the construction period expires by the beginning of the spring flood. A special dam was erected on the territory of the enterprise to create a small storage pond. In spring, water filled this pond and flooded the shipyard. Built ships surfaced. Then the gates were opened on the dam of the storage pond, and steamboats with large water on the Votka River went into the Siva River, and already along it into the Kama River. In total, the plant built about 400 vessels of various types. In the same way, in large water, steam locomotives were sent from the enterprise. First they were loaded onto a special barge, then along the rivers Votka, Siva, Kama they sailed to the nearest railway station. This continued until 1916, when the Votkinsk plant connected to the country's railway network. In total, the company built 631 wide gauge steam locomotives of various series.

During the eighteenth and twentieth centuries, the Votkinsk plant produced iron, anchors, railway equipment and bridges, sea and river vessels, steam locomotives, excavators, gold mining dredges, various weapons, various kinds of civil and industrial equipment.

The beginning of the XX century

September 9, 1925  The plant re-opened as a manufacturer of agricultural equipment.

FROM 1930   by 1937   Over the years, the plant was run by the All-Union Association of Heavy Industry and began producing high-performance steam excavators and gold mining drags. For 7 years of production, 271 cars were produced and sent to construction sites in the country.

FROM January 1, 1938  years, with the transfer to the People's Commissariat of the defense industry, the plant became artillery.

March 11, 1938  year renamed Plant No. 235. Due to the folding of civilian products in the vacated areas, the production of 152-mm howitzer M10 arr. 1938. With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War in 1941, the production of howitzers was stopped and mastered the production of 45-mm anti-tank guns of the 1937 model 53-K, and in 1943 the production of 76.2-mm divisional guns of the 1942 model was mastered (ZIS- 3). At the same time, the production of 45 mm anti-tank guns was phased out.

1956   year. Started production of vertical milling machines 6n13  according to the documentation developed by the Gorky factory of milling machines.

IN 1957   By the decision of the Central Committee of the CPSU and the Council of Ministers of the USSR, the enterprise was redesigned for the production of ballistic missiles.

1959 year. The production of milling machines with numerical control systems has begun.

1983   year. Serial production of machining center type machines started VM500PMF4.

1992   - In February, the Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant was transformed into the GPO Votkinsk Plant.

Our days

1998   - In July, the Votkinsk plant became part of the Russian Space Agency.

1999   year. Mastering the production of a new model of a universal CNC milling machine BM133.

1  June 2010  In the framework of the program for the creation of the Corporation “Moscow Institute of Heat Engineering” OJSC, the Federal State Unitary Enterprise “Votkinsk Plant” was transformed into OJSC Votkinsk Plant  and on March 25, 2011 it became part of the MIT Corporation.

Products manufactured by Votkinsk plant:

• VM127M  - console milling vertical machine 400 x 1600

Plant products discontinued

Sadovnikov Vladimir Gennadievich - an outstanding organizer of the production of solid fuel rockets; Director of the Votkinsk Engineering Plant of the Ministry of Defense Industry of the USSR; General Director of the Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant Production Association of the USSR Ministry of Defense Industry (Votkinsk, Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic).

Born on January 25, 1928 in the village of Shonguty, now in the Apastovsky district of the Republic of Tatarstan, in a family of rural employees. Russian. In 1953 he graduated from the Kazan Aviation Institute and was sent to work in Dnepropetrovsk (Ukraine). There, in 1953-1958, he worked in the design bureau of M. Yangel at the Yuzhmash defense plant as an engineer, senior engineer, leading designer for rocket systems of the USSR Academy of Sciences Cosmos and Intercosmos, and the head of the design group for air-to-air missiles air". Due to the fact that the production of these last missiles was transferred to the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant, in 1958 he moved to Izhevsk. At the Izhevsk Mechanical Plant, he organized and headed a special design bureau and already in 1960 was promoted to the position of chief engineer of the plant. Here, his extraordinary abilities of the designer and organizer were especially brightly manifested.

In June 1966, he was appointed director of the Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant, and subsequently - General Director of the Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant.

Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant is one of the oldest and largest industrial enterprises in the Urals. By the time the new director arrived at the plant, he was producing an 8K14 single-stage liquid-fuel operational-tactical missile, which, thanks to its high reliability and accuracy of targeting, became a long-lived national defense complex. It has been exported for over 20 years. And today in a number of countries the combat operation of these products continues. The development of new modifications and analogues of the 8K14 missile and its warheads continued until 1972. The plant also produced an experimental batch of Temp-S solid-fuel operational-tactical missiles.

In addition, the plant produced vertical milling machines and other products. Missiles were the main products of the enterprise.

In 1967, in accordance with a decree of the Government of the USSR, the plant began preparations for the production of the Temp-2C solid-fuel intercontinental mobile rocket, developed by the Moscow Institute of Heat Engineering (MIT).

The three-stage rocket was a large-sized product with dimensions for machining up to two meters. Its parts were to be made of high-strength steels, aluminum and titanium alloys. To protect against high temperatures, a variety of heat-resistant materials and heat-protective coatings were provided.

The design features of these missiles necessitated the development and debugging of new technologies and equipment. It was required to build new production facilities and reconstruct almost all the main and auxiliary workshops. This huge work, in parallel with the development and production of the first samples of such missiles in the country, took place under the direct supervision of the director of the plant. It was thanks to his energy and perseverance that government decisions were made, according to which powerful military-building organizations and design institutes of the country were involved in the construction of the plant. The design solutions incorporated the most advanced technologies and scientific and technological progress. For example, to eliminate defects in welding of titanium, factory specialists designed and manufactured a unique, the first in the country, inhabited Atmosphere chamber filled with argon. Welders, like astronauts, enter the chamber in sealed suits. Working in an inert gas environment ensures high quality joints. This is just one of the many innovations introduced.

The plant began large-scale construction work on the construction of numerous new buildings, reconstruction of existing ones, equipping them with new equipment. In fact, the plant was rebuilt. At the same time, technological preparations were underway for the production of a new product - technological processes were developed, equipment was designed and manufactured.

The first parts for the new rocket were made in 1968. The work on the manufacture of missile components and assemblies and their test firing at the test station of the plant lasted four years. In 1972, the delivery of the first fully assembled missiles to flight training tests began.

The tests were difficult, numerous shortcomings in the design, manufacturing technology and in the control system were identified and eliminated. In the second half of 1974, the tests were completed, and the first batch of Temp-2S missiles was delivered to the Ministry of Defense. Despite the successful test results, by order of the Government, further work on this rocket was discontinued and their release was stopped.

However, the titanic work was not in vain - the accumulated experience was used in the design and manufacture of new missiles.

Even before the termination of work on the Temp-2C missile, the plant was given the task in 1973 to create, as soon as possible, two-stage medium-range solid-fuel rockets developed at MIT for Pioneer mobile missile systems. To speed up the work, parts and components of the Temp-2S rocket, already tested during fire and flight tests, were widely used.

The task was completed by the plant on time and with high quality - the tests were successful, and in March 1975 the missile was put into service. In 1976, its serial deliveries to the Ministry of Defense began.

Since 1978, the plant began producing a more advanced modification of the rocket - "Pioneer-UTX" - with improved tactical and technical characteristics. The number of Pioneer and Pioneer UTX missiles in military units increased rapidly. In 1981, there were 180 missile systems, in 1983 - exceeded 300.

In 1984-1986, work was underway on testing and serial production of the Pioneer-3 rocket. Despite the successful results of its flight tests, it was not put into serial production due to the signing in 1987 of an agreement between the USSR and the USA on the destruction of medium and short-range missiles. Among them was Pioneer.

405 deployed missiles and launchers for them, as well as 245 non-deployed missiles and 118 launchers, were to be destroyed. About a quarter of the deployed missiles were destroyed by their launch, and all launches were successful.

In August 1975, by order of the Minister of Defense Industry, the Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant was approved as the parent company for the production of the Oka army mobile missile system with a single-stage solid-fuel missile. In 1978, the plant manufactured and submitted for testing the first batch of such missiles, and in June 1980 the missile system was put into service.

The release of this missile for the Ministry of Defense and its export export also continued until 1987, when an agreement was signed between the USSR and the USA on the destruction of medium and short-range missiles.

In 1977, by decree of the Government, the development of a new solid propellant intercontinental missile of the Topol mobile missile complex, also developed by MIT designers, began. It is distinguished by higher characteristics in range and accuracy of firing, stealth, and the practical impossibility of destroying its warheads on the trajectory. In the new product, many of the best achievements in the field of rocketry at the time of its creation were used, which, of course, contributed to the further development of production at the Votkinsk plant. In 1982, the plant manufactured the first missiles for flight tests.

The flight tests of Topol began in 1983, and mass production began in 1988. Successful tests, as well as the operation of systems in the Strategic Missile Forces (Strategic Missile Forces) confirmed not only their high tactical and technical characteristics and reliability, but also the high qualifications of the developers , specialists and factory workers.

The Topol missile system has become the main weapon of the Strategic Missile Forces for many years. The production and technical potential of the plant, the experience of manufacturing this rocket became the basis for the creation of a more advanced Topol-M complex.

It should be noted that along with the ambitious work in the production of rockets, at the same time, the plant continued to produce all new models of metalworking machines: in the 60s - milling machines 6Н13 and 6М13П increased accuracy, milling machines with numerical control (CNC) 9FSP and 9FSPM; in the 70s - more advanced models 6Р13 and ВМ127, universal milling machines ВМ130Н, ВМ130В with tracking measuring devices, multi-purpose machines of medium size ВМ140, multi-operation machines ВМ150Ф4 with automatic tool change; in the 80s - VM140F3 machines with automatic spindle speed switching, VM141F3-01 with CNC “Luch-43”, machining centers (OC) of VM500 PMF4 models with a magazine for 40 tools and CNC “Luch-3”.

Machine tool production was repeatedly exhibited at VDNKh of the USSR and was awarded diplomas, and the plant's specialists were awarded VDNKh medals.

The plant also produced consumer goods - washing machines (500-600 thousand per year) and baby strollers (200-300 thousand per year).

These products were awarded the Quality Mark and were in demand among the population.

Under the guidance of V.G.Sadovnikov, a large amount of work was carried out by the plant in the social sphere - new residential districts of Votkinsk, a hospital complex, a polyclinic, a sanatorium, complexes of buildings of a technical school, an engineering college, shops, etc. were built.

The team of the factory led by him repeatedly occupied cool places in the All-Union Socialist Competition. In 1966 and 1981, the plant was twice awarded the Order of the Red Banner of Labor, in 1976 - the Order of Lenin, in 1967 - the anniversary Red Banner of the Ministry and the Central Committee of the trade union, in 1970 - the Certificate of Honor of the Central Committee of the CPSU, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR, the Council of Ministers of the USSR and the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions, in 1982 - the passing Red Banner of the Central Committee of the CPSU, the Council of Ministers of the USSR, the All-Union Central Council of Trade Unions and the Central Committee of the Komsomol and is listed on the All-Union Honor Board at the Exhibition of Economic Achievements of the USSR.

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (“closed”) of September 9, 1976 for outstanding services in creating special equipment Sadovnikov Vladimir Gennadievich  awarded the title Hero of Socialist Labor with the award of the Order of Lenin and the Gold Medal "Hammer and Sickle."

By a decree of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR (“closed”) dated May 15, 1981, for outstanding production achievements, early fulfillment of the tasks of the tenth five-year plan for production volume and labor productivity growth, demonstrated labor valor, was awarded the Order of Lenin and the second Hammer and Sickle gold medal .

He was a deputy of the Supreme Council of the Udmurt Republic of 7-11 convocations (1967-1985), a delegate to the 24th and 27th congresses of the CPSU.

Since 1988 - retired. He lived in Votkinsk (Udmurt Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic). February 26, 1990 committed suicide - a shot at the temple with a pistol. He was buried in Votkinsk.

He was awarded 3 Orders of Lenin (04/26/1971, 09/09/1976, 05/15/1981), Order of the Red Banner of Labor (07/28/1966), and medals.

Laureate of the USSR State Prize (1969).

Honorary Citizen of Votkinsk.

In Votkinsk, the name of the Hero is the engineering college and one of the streets of the city. A bust of the Hero is installed on the territory of FSUE Votkinsk Plant, a memorial plaque in his honor is installed on the building of the Kazan Aviation Institute.

GPO Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant is a unique diversified enterprise, producing a wide range of products. VZ is the largest producer of Topol-M, Bulava, Yars missiles, which form the basis of the Russian nuclear shield. In addition, machine tools, metal products, oil and gas equipment, various types of weapons and much more are manufactured here.

Historical reference

The Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant was founded in 1759. The profile of the enterprise was the smelting of cast iron, steel and the subsequent manufacture of metal structures. Since 1773, most of the products were anchors for the Russian fleet. Nowadays, several anchors are installed on pedestals, becoming a symbol of the plant and the city of Votkinsk.

At the beginning of the 19th century, self-taught master Badayev developed the production of cast high-quality steel. Medical instruments, dies, cutting tools were made from it. In 1858, factory workers were instructed to assemble a frame for the famous and the order was honorably executed.

With the improvement of technology, productivity and quality of smelted metal increased. The 1871th became a breakthrough - this year the first open-hearth furnace in the Urals was launched at the Votkinsk plant. Over time, VMZ mastered the production of armored steel, which went to strengthen the sides of many Russian battleships.

From iron smelting to mechanical engineering

From the middle of the 19th century, the Votkinsk Engineering Plant began to produce sophisticated equipment, and above all, ships of various types. A total of 400 steamships, barges, and boats were set sail. The next step was the assembly of steam locomotives. Since the enterprise was not connected with the “big land” railway line, the finished locomotives rafted on giant barges, first along the small rivers Votka and Siva, then Kame and Volga.

The large-scale project for laying the Trans-Siberian Railway - a railway line through the Urals and Siberia - required a huge amount of metal for the manufacture of rails, sections, bridges. Votkinsk plant took up the installation of bridge structures. By 1916, the company became the leader in the total length of railway bridges.

In the civil war, the Votkinsk engineering plant was badly damaged. It took 6 years to restore it. The rebirth of the enterprise took place on 09.09.1925. First, agricultural equipment was manufactured in the updated workshops, and since 1930 - dredges for gold mining and steam excavators. In 1937, the VMZ was transferred to the production of military equipment - howitzers and anti-tank guns. More than 50,000 guns were delivered to the troops.

In the 50s, the Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant began production of peaceful products. Machine tools, agricultural machinery, tower cranes, steam locomotives, locomobiles were manufactured at the enterprise in large quantities. Foundry was gradually curtailed, occupying large areas.

Rocket production

In 1957, the government ordered the deployment of missiles, including nuclear ones, at the plant. In 1960, after a series of modernizations, the OT 8K14 missile was developed, which made it possible to hit targets at a 300-kilometer distance. It was produced at the Votkinsk plant for 25 years and was widely exported.

OTR 9M76 became even more powerful, but in the "period of detente" between the USSR and the Western bloc was destroyed in accordance with the INF Treaty. In 1977, the famous Oka missile was created, replacing the 8K14th model. In the 90s, VMZ launched the production of the tactical Tochka-U, which is still in use today.

Strategic missiles began to be launched in 1966. The first was the 15Zh45 (SS-20) based on the Pioneer mobile PGRK. A two-stage design made it possible to overcome 4500-5500 km, depending on the modification. The later Topol mobile complex with a range of 10,500 allowed to consolidate nuclear weapons parity between the USSR and NATO. An improved version of Topol-M is currently the basis of Russia's strategic security. Votkinsk plant annually produces several missiles for mobile and stationary systems.

The evolutionary development of the “Topol” family is the intercontinental RK “Yars” with divided parts. Its precise performance characteristics are classified. At the moment, the Barguzin BZHRK is being developed on the basis of Yars.

Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant: products

VSW produces a wide range of military and civilian products. It:

• Operational and tactical missiles for the RK Iskander-M.
• Ground-based nuclear ballistic missiles (BR) "Topol-M", "Yars".
• Sea-based BR Bulava.
• BR-based space rockets for satellite output.
• Metal-cutting machines and equipment.
• Equipment for oil and gas companies.
• Special equipment for nuclear energy.
• Metalwork.

Conclusion

The company for Russia is unique. This is the backbone of the country's military industry in terms of nuclear weapons production. President Putin, while at the plant in 2011, instructed to double the production of ballistic missiles. And there is no doubt that a reliable rear will be provided by the Votkinsk Machine-Building Plant. Address: 427430, Votkinsk, Dekabristov-8 street.