How to take leave from work for a day. How to call absenteeism if you just need a day off

Everything happens in life, and even if you are a specific workaholic and like to go to work, from time to time there are situations when you are obliged to leave the workplace in the middle of the day or to take a day off altogether. If there are specific prerequisites for this, everything is in order. The main thing is to lay them out to the boss well and get a day off.

And if they are not? It happens that the mood is not at all working when there is an irresistible desire to walk in the park or just lie around at home in front of the TV set. The bosses are unlikely to learn your zeal for a little rest. In this situation, there is only one way out - to lie, and it’s good and impressive.

How to take leave from work with the boss?

Find the right reason first. Bad health after yesterday's holiday or sleepless night are not included in this list. Therefore, we suggest you familiarize yourself with effective excuses that will help you leave work early.

If possible, ask for time off in advance. Ideal in just a few days. Then the boss will be able to hand over your affairs to one of his colleagues. And try not to do this often. The more often you leave - the more preconditions for absence lose their significance. Try to take time off no more than 3 times per month.

In communication, say confidently, truly and do not go into unnecessary details.

Prerequisites that will help you take time off from work

A sharp malaise. A toothache is ideal. Here you have to apply a little acting. Make the face of a martyr, if necessary, you can even shove a piece of cotton wool or a small piece of candy in your mouth so that it looks like your cheek is swollen. Even the heartless dictator-boss at the sight of such an insignificant picture will let you go to the doctor.
If you are at home, and yesterday's tumultuous party the next morning brought a more violent hangover, you will have to "get sick" for a day. Call your boss and try to speak in a weak voice. If possible, you can imitate a mild runny nose or an unhealthy larynx. But by all means convince the manager that by the next day you will certainly get better and can start working again.
Relatives. Essentially satisfied event: matinee, anniversary, trip to the performance of the baby. The authorities consider these prerequisites quite significant and without troubles will let you go for days.
Obstacles at home. This excuse provides a vast field for imagination. The most standard argument is to break a pipe. More creative reasons for absenteeism may be a jammed castle (you don’t understand when the specialists will come and be able to open an apartment and change the castle). To be late for work for several hours, you can fictitiously get stuck in the elevator.
Personal car. It can break sharply halfway or you, and are completely stuck in traffic. Just make sure that it really exists so that the boss does not convict you of heresy. The steel argument for not being at work the whole day will be car theft. In this case, you will have to be in the police for a long time to find out the events.
Instances like a water utility, passport office or gas service will give you unlimited time off. Naturally, the option is likely that they will call you from time to time and ask when you will come. Therefore, warn in advance about the scale of affairs and the high probability that you will be absent for a whole day.
Where can I leave work early? For example, to the station or to the airport. Relatives from distant lands suddenly came to you and you need to meet them and bring them home.
Blood donation is a very significant argument. According to the laws, it means a full day off. Just be sure to tell why you should do this (your blood type went to an unhealthy acquaintance or relative).

Most importantly, do not forget to read confidently and quietly leave after receiving time off. And try not to spread it among colleagues. The boss may not like that his goodwill towards you has become the property of the team.

No matter how much we love our work, but we are all human beings, each may have a situation or problem that requires a certain amount of time to solve, and you have to somehow ask for leave from the workplace. How to take leave from work so that you are released, but your authority has not fallen in the eyes of the authorities? Now we will introduce you how to take a good leave from the workplace.

Search for reasons

How rude this does not sound, but few bosses care about your problems, but they are very sensitive to all your lateness and your requests to take time off for a while, and the more often you approach the chef asking to leave, the greater the risk of getting into a hot a hand. Therefore, asking for time off should only be absolutely necessary.

To begin with, you need to find a really good reason, but in no case do not ask for a reason for a headache, lack of sleep or overwork - it will not work. The problem should be much more serious. You should not tell your bosses in detail about your problems, this is superfluous.

It should be briefly but clearly explained what happened to you, especially if the reason you are asking is not really good. In such cases, it’s easier to say that you have personal problems that need a quick fix.

Behavior strategy

You should not ask the authorities during a phone conversation, there is a good saying about this: “If you want to be refused, call on the phone.” Also, you should not put the boss before the fact that you do not go to work. You should be set up for a conversation with your superiors in advance; it is best to start a conversation at the beginning of the week, in the morning of the working day, or vice versa, after the end of the working day.

Your story should start with your problem, the boss should be sympathetic to your problem. Be polite, but confident in yourself. It is imperative to say that you promise to study or complete all the work yourself.

In a conversation with superiors, one should not worry, stutter and mumble, try to be calm and convincing. Briefly but clearly setting out before him the essence of your problem.

Official day off

The authorities are obliged to free you from working time and not count it as missed days in the event of the death of relatives or the birth of a child. In such a case, you will have 5 days off. You will also have 5 days to rest when you are married or married, but at your own expense. You can also go for a trick not big - to become a donor! And it’s useful and you’ll get a day off, already two days, and you’ll earn money.

The problem that a person is forced to take time off from work can arise for everyone, so convince the boss that your absence will not affect the work process, and that you will do your work the next day.

So, you got acquainted with our tips on how to take time off from work, we hope that we could help you. And know that no matter how strict your boss is, if you really have a good reason, then there will be no problem with your time off, most importantly, not frequenting such requests, nothing good will come of it. All the best to you, see you soon.

Working according to the traditional 5-day 40-hour work schedule, it is physically impossible to cope with all personal affairs that are not related to work. The fact is that most official institutions have exactly the same schedule: attending a parent's meeting or a doctor’s office cannot be rescheduled for the weekend. The need to leave the workplace in the middle of the working day can arise for any person in almost every organization - this is a completely ordinary life situation. But not for guidance. The head is visited daily by certain employees, in the position of each of whom he must “enter and release”.

Against this background, managers have developed a whole strategy: how to identify liars and liars, how to refuse those who ask strongly, and even how to get an employee to work out their free time twice. Like, you solve personal issues during work - do work in your personal time. What is the best way to ask the boss so as not to earn disciplinary action and not end up being fired?

The main thing is responsibility

But what if the result of your work does not claim to be perfect, the deadlines have long and regularly remained expired, but you still need to leave? Here, concessions and negotiations with the boss are indispensable. Convince him that for several days you will be late in the evening, go to work on Saturday, and even if you really need it, you will sacrifice part of your vacation. A useful alternative may be additional homework. Like, you need to monitor the work of the repair team or sit with a sick child, but understanding all responsibility, you promise that you will take all the necessary work to your home. You need to understand that the boss does not just give permission not to go to work - he also bears responsibility for such permission. Therefore, in order to safely take time off, in addition to requests, offer him a sensible solution to the existing problem, which will give a result to both you and your employer.

Being a truly responsible employee and clearly demonstrating your responsibility to the employer, you certainly will not earn the image of a loafer. The more lost working time you manage to compensate, the less claims your boss will have, even if your absence is long.

Do not confront the fact

Even if you are a very valuable shot for the company and have never been asked to resolve personal issues, you should not confront the employer with the fact - they say, “I need to leave.” After all, it is obvious that the need to leave, whether it's 2 hours or 2 days, you need to inform the boss in advance. If such a need arises constantly, it is worth preparing for a more thorough and serious conversation. Probably, it even makes sense to discuss the possibility of working in a flexible schedule - in this case, you need to promise the boss not only preservation, but also increase productivity and efficiency. There is no doubt that this is possible - the practice of using flexible schedules is very common, and almost half of office workers are confident that their efficiency will only increase with such a schedule.

Convince the employer that even if you will not be present during office hours, the work will still be completed on time and efficiently. Perhaps a good argument would be the already existing example of the results that were achieved when working outside the business center. Perhaps your boss should generally think about transferring employees to удал udalenka ’?

Pay attention to the boss that his desire to help sort out personal matters is extremely important to you, and if a floating, flexible schedule becomes one of the types of help, you will be even more grateful to him. Of course, the final result depends on the corporate culture in the company, but most of the issues, including schedule conditions, are discussed individually. Therefore, if you find arguments that will prove your effectiveness regardless of the work schedule, agreeing a flexible schedule will be much easier.

If this is an isolated case, it should be agreed not only with the bosses, but also with colleagues, especially if the company practices employee interchangeability. So that your time off does not become an unpleasant surprise for them, warn them and, if possible, do at least part of the work to be performed in advance.

If the boss is against

But all of the above only works in “normal” companies, where normal corporate relations are built, and the boss does not perform the functions of “overseer of plebeians”. As we know, this happens quite often. In such companies, as a rule, they are fined for being late and punished for talking on the phone - there can be no question of taking leave, even for good reason. By the way, even in exemplary companies, superiors are far from always inclined to trust their employees with respect to the reasons why they want to take leave. According to insurers from AXA PPP Healthcare, who conducted and published a study in The Independent, at least half of the managers they interviewed require that those who ask for it appear unquestioningly in the office, even if there is a good reason.

However, employees are also not a blunder - according to the insurance company, 2 out of 3 employees who want to take leave are ready to lie to the management, as they are sure that the real reason will not be an argument for the boss. The result is a vicious circle - the employee does not tell the truth, because he is sure that they will not let him go, and the boss does not let go, because he is sure that they are lying to him. In such a case, we would recommend using legal methods.

From the point of view of labor law, the safest way to legally not come to work is to donate blood. We remind you that donation is the most humane way to legally receive two days off and paid days at work: on the day of blood donation and the next day. The bosses in this case cannot have anything against it - the law prescribes giving donors a day off, and employers are obliged to fulfill this requirement unquestioningly.

The second option is at your own expense. According to labor law, such unpaid leave or several days off can be granted to employees for family or other reasons. By the way, in general cases this is a right, not an obligation of the employer. The obligation to provide a day off “at one’s expense” arises only when an employee of a labor or war veteran who works for a disabled person has a child or a relative has died. In other cases, the right to a day “at his own expense” is the subject of an agreement between the employee and his management.

The third option is to go on sick leave. True, it only works if the employee is really sick or his child is sick. In such cases, the employer does not have the right to require you to go to work, much less threaten the application of disciplinary sanctions. By the way, we do not recommend “buying” sick leave - it is not just illegal, but also criminally punishable.

There are no other “legal” ways to take leave of work. But in any case, we recommend solving such issues amicably. Remember that the use of even a legal method does not guarantee an adequate reaction from the authorities. Therefore, it is better to be a valuable employee - their bosses always meet them.

Most workers work five days a week for eight hours. And no wonder that they physically do not have time to go to the clinic, housing office, to the child at school - after all, the opening hours of these institutions are almost the same. I don’t really want to write a day off due to a parent meeting; more often than not, employees simply take leave from work. In this regard, the employer has many questions: what to do with the payment of absence time, how to take it into account, whether it is necessary to draw up, etc. Read the article and you will find answers to these and some other questions.

Indeed, "asking" from work is not uncommon. Basically, employees ask to let them go for a couple of hours or half a day. It happens, of course, that they ask for more time - a day or even two.

We must say right away that this situation is not regulated neither by the Labor Code, nor by any other acts containing the norms of labor law. Therefore, the solution to the issue of registration and payment for the absence of an employee who has refused leave depends on various circumstances.

If an employee is asked for an hour or two

First of all, we note that if an employee decides to leave for personal affairs at lunchtime, then he does not need to leave work. Breaks during the working day (shift), including for rest and meals, relate to the time of rest (Article 107 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). And according to Art. 106 Labor Code of the Russian Federation rest time - the time during which the employee is free from the performance of labor duties and which he can use at his discretion. Thus, during lunch, the employee can leave his work and solve his problems without the consent of the employer.

If you need a couple of hours during working hours, you need a corresponding statement from the employee addressed to the head of the organization. You will say: why multiply pieces of paper, because you can verbally inform your immediate supervisor and that’s all? We believe that a statement is nevertheless required. On it, if the head agrees, the corresponding visa, signature of the head and date are affixed. In this case, the employee will be sure that his absence will not be regarded as a violation of labor discipline, and the employer will find out that the employee has been absent. An order is not necessary.

For your information

Absence is considered absent from the workplace without good reason during the entire working day (shift), regardless of its duration, as well as more than four consecutive hours during the working day (shift).

Judicial practice also speaks of the need for a statement. So, the employee was fired for absenteeism. Disagreeing, he went to court with a lawsuit for reinstatement, citing his demands by asking him to leave the director for work. The court, examining the case file, did not find confirmation of this fact, since the employee did not contact the employer with any written statements about the need for absence, for example, on leave without pay. Accordingly, the dismissal was recognized as lawful (Appeal ruling of the Krasnoyarsk Regional Court of September 19, 2016 in case No. 33-12406 / 2016).

Note that the absence of the application should be recorded in the timesheet, because the employer must keep accurate records of the hours worked by each employee. The period of absence is taken into account when calculating the salary of an employee.

If the employee is asked for the whole day

Different design options are possible here:

leave without pay;
annual paid vacation;
off.

Consider these options.

Holidays without pay

Based on h. 1 Article. 128 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation for family reasons and other good reasons, an employee can be granted leave without pay, upon written request, the duration of which is determined by agreement between the employee and the employer. As we see, the legislation does not establish either the minimum or maximum duration of such a vacation. This means that unpaid leave can be granted for any period for which the parties to the labor agreement will come to an agreement, even for one day.

As can be seen from the wording of the norm, the provision of such leave is a right and not an obligation, and if the employer considers the reason disrespectful, he can refuse the employee unpaid leave. However, it must be remembered that there are categories of employees to which the employer is not entitled to refuse. In particular, on the basis of a written application, the employer must provide the following leave:

working old-age pensioners (by age) - up to 14 calendar days a year;
working disabled people - up to 60 calendar days a year;
employees in cases of child birth, marriage registration, death of close relatives - up to 5 calendar days;
in other cases provided for by the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, other federal laws or a collective agreement.

If an employee, not waiting for the approval of unpaid leave for one day, does not go to work, and the employer refuses to provide such leave, absence from work can be regarded as absenteeism (appeal rulings of the Krasnoyarsk Regional Court of September 19, 2016 in case No. 33-12406 / 2016, the Rostov Regional Court of 08.15.2016 in the case No. 33-14008/2016 and others.).

So, such a vacation is issued as follows:

The employee writes a statement addressed to the head of the organization stating the date of vacation and the reasons why it is required. If the application is written for several hours, you need to specify specific hours.
The supervisor puts on the application a visa “Agreed” or “Do not mind”, and in case of refusal to grant a vacation - “Refuse”.
In case of agreement of the head of the company:
- an order is issued for granting leave without pay (with such an order the employee must be familiarized with the signature);
- fill out a personal card (form T-2) - it is necessary to keep records of the number of days of unpaid leave, since the length of service for the provision of annual paid leave depends on it;
- the time sheet is filled.

The question of paying for the day on which the employee is granted unpaid leave, disappears by itself, since everything is clear from the name of the latter.

Annual paid vacation

Each employee is guaranteed annual paid leave, which is provided in accordance with the vacation schedule, mandatory for both workers and employers (Article 123 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation).

note

The vacation schedule is approved no later than two weeks before the new year, taking into account the opinion of the elected body of the primary trade union organization.

However, nothing prevents the provision of annual leave outside the schedule if the employee and the employer have agreed on this. We add that, as a general rule, vacation can be divided into parts, one of which is at least 14 calendar days (Article 125 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation). But the rest can be used as agreed by the employee and employer. Therefore, the provision of one day of annual paid leave is completely legal.

To arrange annual leave for one day (if the employer agrees), you need:

Get a statement from the employee stating the specific day you want.
Issue an order for annual leave.
Make appropriate marks in the timesheet.

Note that in the case of registration of annual paid leave for one day, there may be a difficulty in paying for the vacation. In particular, according to the rule of Art. 136 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, leave must be paid no later than three days before it begins. Moreover, this rule applies to holidays of any duration, for a day or two weeks the employee goes to rest - it does not matter.

Therefore, the provision of one day of annual leave is convenient if the employee knows in advance that he needs to leave such and such a date. However, in most cases, employees are questioned spontaneously, in the event of certain circumstances.

Day off

Despite the fact that the Labor Code does not define the concept of “time off”, according to established practice, time off is considered rest provided as compensation for work or duty outside working hours. It should not be confused with taking time off without pay, since it is not provided as compensation for something, but for personal reasons available to employees or by law.

Labor legislation provides for several cases in which an employer must provide an employee with a day off for work outside working hours. (We present them as a diagram on page.)

The procedure for filling out leave is as follows: the employee writes a request for a day of rest indicating reasons, for example, for overtime work or work on a day off. (Donors must attach a statement confirming the fact of blood donation to the application.) On the basis of such a statement, an order is issued with which it is necessary to familiarize the employee with a signature.

Of course, you need to make marks in the timesheet:
- additional days off without pay are indicated by the letter code "HB" or digital "28";
- day of rest for donor workers - by the letter code “ОВ” or digital “27” (additional paid day off).

When attracted to overtime	By virtue of Art. 152 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, the first two hours of overtime work are paid at least one and a half times, the next - at least twice. At the request of the employee, overtime work instead of increased pay can be compensated by the provision of additional rest time, but not less than the time worked overtime, while rest time is not subject to payment
When hired to work on a weekend or non-working holiday	In accordance with Art. 153 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, work on a weekend or non-working holiday is paid at least twice. At the request of the employee who worked on that day, another day of rest may be provided. In this case, work on a weekend or holiday is paid in a single amount, and the day of rest is not payable.
When a worker donates blood and its components	According to Art. 186 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation, if an employee went to work on the day of blood donation and its components, as well as on the day of the related medical examination, he is given another day of rest upon his request. In the case of donating blood and its components during the period of annual paid leave, on a weekend or non-working holiday, the employee is provided with another day of rest at his request. In addition, after each day of blood donation and its components an additional day of rest is provided.
For processing time within the work schedule when working on a rotational basis	Due to the increase in working time and reduction of rest time during the shift period, employees usually accumulate processing hours, which are paid in the amount of the daily tariff rate, daily rate (part of the salary (official salary) per day of work). Processing hours that are not multiples of the whole working day can be accumulated during the year and added up to whole working days with the subsequent provision of additional days of inter-shift rest. Underutilized in this case hours of daily (inter-shift) rest, as well as days of weekly rest, are summed up and provided in the form of additional days off from work (in the form of days of inter-shift rest) during the accounting period

If the employee is systematically repelled

There are workers who constantly need somewhere. Part-time workers can be assigned to such workers. Article 93 of the Labor Code of the Russian Federation allows this regime to be introduced by agreement between the employee and the employer when applying for a job or in the course of labor activity.

Compensation for part-time work is proportional to the time worked or depending on the amount of work performed. At the same time, work under such conditions does not entail any restrictions on the duration of the annual basic paid vacation, the calculation of seniority and other labor rights.

To establish part-time work, you must:

Conclude an additional agreement to the employment contract, in which to prescribe a specific start and end time, the duration of the working week and the period for which part-time is set. This document is signed by both parties to the employment relationship.
Issue an order to introduce part-time work to a specific employee, indicating the reasons for this decision.

In addition, we note that the employer may propose the introduction of a part-time regime, and the employee may refuse, considering that it is more profitable for him to write applications with a request for unpaid leave. In this case, part-time cannot be set.

So, if employees occasionally ask for leave during working hours on personal matters, this must be documented, at least by applying with a management visa confirming permission to leave. If they are asked for a day or two, other options are possible - making a vacation, paid or unpaid. If the employee is periodically asked, for example, every Tuesday and Friday for a certain number of hours, maybe you should consider introducing a part-time regime for him.

An employee of any organization at any time may need to urgently leave the workplace for some time. In some cases, it is possible to settle your personal issues without having to formalize time off and weekends, moreover, sometimes there are opportunities to not even inform the management about it. But in most cases, such situations require documentation, for which a statement is made for a day off at their own expense.

A day off can be provided to an employee as compensation for processing (overtime or on weekends and holidays) and also if he does not have accumulated overtime processing.

The basis for such a "day off" may serve as a statement, while wages are not saved.

If the statement contains the wording “ i ask to provide a day off for the previously worked time”, Payment of time off is also not made, since in this case the employee is paid for work outside of school hours.

Depending on the situation, management may or may not grant such time off, but modern legislation provides for a number of situations where superiors are obliged to give time off, and notification by an employee in this case is not mandatory.

This can occur in cases of death or the birth of close relatives and during marriage. But, as a rule, it is not possible to take a day off in such situations, and leave is issued at your own expense for a period of five days.

In addition, in case of urgent need, the employee can take leave at his own expense and if he has good reason for the period that he needs. At the same time, labor legislation does not oblige the employer to provide such leave only if the head does not mind letting the employee go, if the reason is really good. How to make boards read here.

Holidays can be issued on vacation account, while it is allowed to use as several days in a row, and one day. Holidays on vacation (or several days off) are paid no later than three days before the employee leaves.

If necessary, the employee may not use this right, having received the usual payment, but having made a statement for absenteeism for the previously worked time, he receives an additional day off.

How to take time off from work for a few hours

Sometimes a person needs to leave work for just a few hours, and officially formalizing such an absence as a day off is not always advisable. In small private organizations, such issues are simply resolved:

management allows the employee to leave for several hours even without the need to work out this time;
by verbal (less often - written) agreement, the employee remains a kind of “debtor” to the organization and agrees to work out the time of his absence when there is a need for extracurricular work;
in organizations where hourly pay is in place, management can simply take into account hours of absence from the time sheet, and when calculating salaries, such an employee will simply receive less money.

How to write a leave statement

Such a statement is in free form, in which it is necessary to adhere to only four basic requirements:

In the upper corner of the statement in the genitive case, the position, surname and initials of the leader are indicated.
Then the name of the document is written, in this case - "Application for a day off."
Next is the text of the statement, which can indicate either the reason for granting time off, or, if necessary, take time off for the hours worked - the date when the employee worked outside the plan.
The last thing is put the date and signature of the originator.

The finished application is sent to the manager for signature, after which he draws up an order based on this document, according to which the employee is given time off.

Nuances

Sometimes it turns out that an employee “earns” a large number of days off and does not use them. It often happens that a person can collect up to twenty days off in a year, which can almost be called a second vacation. To release an employee for this entire period or not depends on the manager. Naturally, the authorities will try to offer to compensate for these time costs by the employee financially, paying overtime work at a double rate.

But usually conscientious leaders do not deny the right to time off. But less honest bosses often try to limit the employee’s right to time off, and since they still have to compensate for overtime work by law, the management says in such cases: you can use time off only until a certain date, otherwise they will be burned out.

In some situations, management requires the use of time off no later than after two or three months; more often, managers insist that the employee take off such “surplus” by the end of the current year. Be that as it may, all these requirements are illegal, and the employee can use time off at any time and after any period throughout the entire period of work in the organization,