Description of the business scheme for the bank. Written description of the organization’s activities sample for the bank

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From this article you will learn:

What are the basics of running any business
What are the rules of doing business?
What is a business scheme for?
What to look for when developing a business plan
How Russian reality affects model choice
What business models are used in practice
What are the features of doing small business in Russia
What are the most effective business methods?
What CRM programs to use to facilitate business
Does the internal and external environment affect the conduct of business

In fact, a novice businessman needs very little: a promising idea, the makings of an entrepreneur and a small amount of money for a good start. But even those who do not have all of the above, have every chance to start a profitable business. The main thing is to choose the right direction. In this article, you will learn what competent business is.

Business Basics

To understand the basics of entrepreneurship, first you need to clearly understand what, in principle, is a business. At first glance, everything is clear. However, the usual understanding of business is superficial, and therefore needs to be supplemented.

First of all, we note that business is one of the urgent needs of people. But not for everyone, but only for special personalities. Who are they? These are individuals who have very strong energy. Therefore, people with powerful potential most want to start their own business. Of course, there is nothing wrong with that. But so that a powerful energy flow does not harm anyone, it must be spent. That is why such individuals open their own business. Doing business for them is a way to channel energy into a productive channel.

Of course, there are other ways to release energy. But doing business is the most fascinating and optimal, as it allows you to earn money. That is, he translates energy into money. It turns out that doing business is the monetization of the entrepreneur’s internal resources. As for its basics, this is knowledge about the efficient conversion of energy into money.

Let's go deeper and find out where, in principle, a person’s energy source is located, the one that gives him strength and motivates him to create a business, turning him into an entrepreneur. Everything is simple - a nascent idea forms energy. A person wants to realize it, and therefore starts a business.

Many start their own business only because they really want to do business, without having practical knowledge and skills. In fact, they are doing the right thing. Where are they taught the promotion of new ideas that no one has previously promoted? Nowhere! The entrepreneur receives knowledge and experience in the process of work, learns from his own mistakes. But at the same time, a businessman can learn how to work with ideas - both in general and with some specific ones.

Knowing how to work with ideas means understanding the basics of doing business. Absolutely everything can get this knowledge, unlike knowledge on working with specific ideas. It so happens that entrepreneurs manage to develop their product or service without an appropriate theoretical base, and very strong internal motivation helps them in this. It is she who gives strength to cope with difficulties and successfully run a business. But blunders and failures still happen, and moreover often.

So, a person draws all the basic knowledge about business, the basics of its conduct from his idea. It is she who intuitively suggests what and how to do. Accordingly, good entrepreneurs have a business sense, and therefore they are not interested in training in business. The main thing for them is to tune in to the idea in order to competently develop it.

It is a business idea, and not start-up capital, as many believe - a fundamental factor for the development of the business. Those for whom money is at the forefront are essentially not entrepreneurs. Let’s say more - thoughts solely about earning interfere with the competent promotion of the business, since they motivate to work exclusively for the sake of money, the accumulation of capital, and not the development of an idea.

Business rules that work in every situation

There are many examples when well-known millionaires in the United States turned into bankrupt, but again rose and reached new heights. What's the secret? The fact is that when building a business, they respected two rules - simple and unpretentious, but extremely difficult to implement.

The first rule. Tell yourself that you will realize your idea until you reach your goal and create a successful business. Let it turn into a life credo. And when you come to the first results, you will immediately see non-standard ideas for managing and improving your project. Thanks to new knowledge, experience, skills and broader horizons, you will see new opportunities and prospects.

The second rule. Do not be afraid to miss. Learn from them, turn another failure into an event that brings you closer to your desired goal. How many failures can you handle? How much is needed? Just enough to achieve the goal!

But this is far from all, this is just the start. When developing your business, be sure to consider other rules for building and maintaining an effective business, and there are many of them. Otherwise, you will not succeed.

Of course, we do not mean the well-known legislative norms that all businessmen must follow - this is an indisputable fact. We are talking about unwritten rules, following which any entrepreneur can achieve success.

So, rule one. When deciding on a business, consider its prospects. That is, if a dilemma arises before you - big earnings right away, but an uncertain future, or relatively small profits, but with serious growth prospects, then choose the second way. Only in this way will you come to true success and your business will flourish.

Second rule: You need to know all the time what is happening in your business industry. The owner of the company, who has no idea about the trends in the development of his niche, can safely be called incompetent and unprofessional. If you are interested in business, you can prevent potential problems.

Third rule: Do not produce more products than necessary to avoid overproduction. If there is no buyer for the goods, you will work “for the warehouse” and, of course, you will not make money on it.

Fourth rule prescribes a halt to production if the goods are not of high enough quality. If the product does not meet established standards, it is better to suspend the production process, find out why this is happening, and try to correct the situation. Do not risk the company name.

Fifth rule connected with the ethical side of things. Build relationships with partners, suppliers, and employees only with mutual respect. Only if the relationship is modeled in this way will the project bring good results.

Sixth rulequality work - well-chosen staff. Without it, modern business would not be successful. The team should consist of people interested in the development of the company. Make employees personally interested in achieving goals - thanks to this, labor will become much more efficient and effective.

Rule Seven: Do not be afraid to trust responsible staff on your organization. After all, it often happens that an ordinary employee knows some issues better than a manager. If your employees can make decisions, let them do it. When people understand their own significance, they begin to work more productively.

The above rules are key for an entrepreneur interested in growth and profit. Observing them, you can build a profitable business.

Business scheme

The business plan is somewhat similar to a business plan. It also shows all the important elements of successful activity and the path to high market positions. It is better to compile it even before registering as an entrepreneur. Key points will depend on the sphere of doing business - agriculture, production, trade, etc. But there are general provisions. It is in accordance with them that a business strategy should be formed:

After registration, the business scheme looks like a list of priority tasks that an entrepreneur must perform:

choose and rent a suitable room, taking into account the focus of the business;
hire qualified specialists to ensure that the activity is successful;
establish contacts with potential customers and customers;
if necessary, form a customer base;
organize the production or marketing of goods - open retail outlets, take care of the availability of production capacities.

All these actions need to be coordinated with the developed business plan or work scheme, and then eliminate the inconsistencies. Planning activities in principle is important for both small and large businesses. Even if an entrepreneur works alone, it is still useful for him to analyze his work in a timely manner and formulate a plan for a certain period, whether it be a month or a year. If there is no such plan, the project may become less efficient and cost-effective, since even with a lot of money, a businessman risks not noticing significant financial losses and losing business. It is important to constantly study offers in the rental market. That is, you can significantly save on renting an office or industrial premises. The main thing is to find a cheaper option, but a good one.

It is also necessary to assess the market conditions for goods that a businessman produces or sells. Due to excessive prices, demand may fall. Very low prices, by contrast, can lead to unprofitable activities.

The project management scheme is developed by the entrepreneur himself. But you can entrust this to a specialist. All that a businessman will subsequently have to do is just follow her in work.

Why then do you need a business plan

A business plan is a document that answers all questions about the project and gives a complete picture of the performance of the enterprise for the near term and long-term perspective. You can make adjustments to the plan if current plans and strategies change.

The practice of doing business is rich in countless force majeure that can affect the outcome of cases. There are so many of them that we would hardly be able to tell about them in an article. In addition, to take into account all the circumstances in one document and to formulate tactics of behavior when they appear is an almost impossible task. A logical question arises: is a business strategy necessary, or is there enough basic tricks that can be used as needed? Experience shows that having a plan is still beneficial.

With the help of this document two tasks are solved:

1. Business plan for "internal use":

As you know, 10 minutes spent on planning save an hour of intensive work. If a small business segment company has a clearly defined plan, the management processes become more streamlined. This is especially true when working in a team. Such a plan excludes discrepancies. In addition, it indicates how each team member should act in a given situation.
Performance monitoring. A high-quality business plan indicates the main points-indicators to which the company must come after a certain period. By how clearly you go through them, you can judge how effective business processes are and improve them if necessary. Also, you have no doubt that employees strive for the right goals if management is temporarily absent.
Risk reduction. As already mentioned, force majeure in business is impossible to predict. But a generalized pattern of behavior in a critical situation is a useful thing. Typically, such measures are universal and can reduce risks. Information about who, when and in what situation will undertake them should be included in the business plan.

2. Business plan for investors.

A general business plan is needed not only for internal use. In some cases, it can be provided to outsiders. Often, a business plan is analyzed by potential investors to draw conclusions about the feasibility of investments. The investor’s decision on cooperation with you depends on how well all nuances are worked out in it. The business plan acts as a conditional “debt receipt”, and it must be followed.

A competent business plan is a simplification of doing business.

Before compiling it, it is necessary to assess the current situation in advance and analyze the information. One of the most popular tools for preliminary assessment of the situation, especially in small businesses, is a SWOT analysis that structures all the data.

What is a SWOT analysis? He is needed to assess the internal and external resources of the organization, drawing up an objective picture for the business plan. It includes elements such as:

Strengths - weaknesses of a product or service. Here, one can note the low cost of goods, the high professional level of employees, the innovative component in the product, the beautiful packaging design or quality service, etc.
Weakness - weaknesses. For example, the company does not have its own retail space, the brand is not very recognizable among the potential target audience, etc.
Oportunities - business opportunities, for example, the use of new materials and technological solutions, additional financing, etc.
Threats - threats to business. Here we can talk about the unstable economic situation or the political situation in the state or region, the peculiarities of the mentality of buyers, the level of technology development in the territory where the project is being implemented, etc.

Before proceeding to the detailed filling of the sections of the plan, prepare the maximum amount of additional data for the future project. Analyze the industry, determine by what methods you can promote the product, study competitors. Also evaluate the extent to which your company will make tax deductions, what resources a future project has, for example, financial, intellectual, temporary, personnel, etc.

Based on this data, you will understand how to develop an effective plan, and will not simultaneously search for information for its sections. You will save time and achieve good results.

What is the basis for choosing a business model in Russia

The place of business is a very important parameter. In management, as in the activity management system, the mentality of citizens of the state in whose territory the company operates is taken into account. A developed and established culture of doing business in Russia is still missing. Own development models, it can be said, are absent, since firms from the very beginning have the goal of approaching European standards.

The mentality is a very strong element, which cannot be said about unstable market conditions. Therefore, if an entrepreneur does not take it into account, then he dooms himself to improperly organized business processes in advance.

When establishing a business in Russia, he should consider two main features of his mentality:

Family ties to this day valid. They do not allow to organize a business taking into account the exclusively professional level and qualifications of contractors
A Russian businessman first calculates the income of a competitor and tries to do everything possible to get around it. If there is no such prospect, he simply does not start a business.

Due to these two factors, Russian business is developing slowly. As a rule, the behavior of modern Russian enterprises is not based on an internal mission, but on the desire to form a certain image. In principle, this is also a rather positive trend, despite the presence of pragmatic goals.

Given the specifics of the mentality, different types of thinking are formed in management. Now in Russia there are the following:

Industrial: It is based on the product, methods, tools and volumes of production. On the concepts of the external environment, the needs of Central Asia and Central Asia themselves, attention is not focused.
Marketing and financial: the main goal of doing business with this approach is to achieve the desired level of sales and operating profit. The result of actions within the framework of this business system can be an established brand. However, it will not have a value component.
Communication: formed on the basis of forecasting and modeling the development of business processes. Entrepreneurship is a system of interaction between groups of individuals that influence the existence of an enterprise (we are talking about founders, managers, employees, customers, contractors, government agencies, the media, competitors, public institutions).

The term “business model” is often confused with a strategy, resulting in a substitution of concepts, or it is considered one of the elements of the strategy. This confusion is explained by the fact that the concepts are similar to each other, but at the same time they are not the same. They differ in the following points:

Factor of creating values \u200b\u200band their transformation into income. The purpose of the business model is to describe the method by which the company makes money on a product or service. The strategy captures more distant prospects and creates a stable competitive advantage.
Cost of business or owner’s income. Turning the cost of business into owner’s income is not the primary concern of the project’s business model. And this differs significantly from the strategy. That is, it does not focus on methods of making a profit, but at the same time significantly affects the income of the owners of the company.
Level of qualification in the field of commercial activity. For the formation of the business model of the enterprise does not need special knowledge. However, in order to develop a strategy, a more in-depth analysis is needed, for which you need to have certain knowledge in the area where the company is developing.

For a visual representation of the relationship of the business model with the strategy, pay attention to the formula presented by M. Levy:

V \u003d ms, where

V - value, M - business model, S - strategy.

It shows that a company wishing to implement its chosen strategy should choose the most appropriate business model for itself, on the basis of which it will subsequently develop and create value for consumers.

Types of business models

Franchising. A form of relations between business entities in which one transfers to another the right to engage in certain activities according to an existing and well-developed business model.
Direct sales. The sale of consumer goods and services from person to person outside of stationary retail outlets.
B2B (Business-to-Business - business-to-business). Form of information and economic cooperation. B2B cooperation is classified by the type of persons participating in it - in this case it is a legal entity. Enterprises supply goods and services to other firms, not to end customers. Let’s say they make advertising materials for another organization involved in their promotion.
B2C (Business-to-Consumer - business-to-consumer). Type of electronic business, the purpose of which is direct sales. An effective solution to the problem of territorial remoteness of large and small cities through the unification of pricing policies and the work of delivery services.
B2G (Business-to-Government - business for the government). There are two participants in the system - the state and business. This technology of doing business characterizes electronic commerce and is used, for example, in the organization of public procurement.
G2b (Government-to-Business - government for business). A set of software and government tools for online cooperation between executive authorities and commercial structures (websites of government agencies, government procurements, and so on).

Forms of doing business classify and otherwise:

1. Manufacturer.In this case, produce physical goods, intangible products (music, films) or services. Who will act as a target audience - a client or a distributor? The main goal here is to produce goods in demand and deliver them through an effective channel.

This business model is of 3 types:

Direct marketing to consumersin which the product can be bought in an online store or a traditional outlet owned by the company. Such a system of doing business has several advantages: there are no intermediaries, income is growing, and relationships with consumers are built directly (through free support, a detailed presentation of the product, and so on).
Selling to distributors and wholesalers. The product is sold to special specialists in the field of trade, able to reach end consumers through many channels. Most manufacturers are in this category.
Transfer of exclusive rights to distributors. Manufacturing companies conclude a cooperation agreement with one or more intermediaries. So they form a monopoly on competitive products in a certain territory and make big profits. Among the representatives of this group of sellers, for example, car manufacturers, film producers and writers.

2. Distributor of goods and services.Intermediaries - this is the main connecting link between the manufacturer and customers. Their task is to combine the products of different companies in order to scale sales. Distributors increase margins and reduce logistics costs. The competition in this market is very fierce.

In this model, the following types are distinguished:

Retail (including ecommerce) of general purpose, where many vertical products are involved. Customers interact exclusively with distributors for all products, and this is a value proposition in such a business. According to this model, for example, Amazon and Walmart online platforms work.
Niche Orientation(narrow focus). In general-purpose retail, a wide range of goods is sold, and product distributors work with a specific group of products. Examples of doing business using this model are Toys ‘R’ Us and Babyoye.
Club of personal sales. Here, consumers pay a certain amount for membership at a set frequency and thanks to this they get personal access to an exclusive discount system for leading brands. For example, Costco, Sam’s club, Gilt, Exclusively.
One product per day. According to such a business model, Woot works. Instead of selling hundreds of products, the company offers only one product at a large discount every day. Thanks to this, manufacturers are able to get rid of excess in warehouses as soon as possible, and the distributor is able to sell products in large volumes. Consumers every day receive information about a particular product.

3. The integrated model. It is used by traditional retailers whose goal is to increase the flow of customers through Internet users. So, buyers choose a product and pay for it on the distributor’s website, and a store or warehouse gives them this product.

4. Model "Razor and blade."In accordance with it, one product is sold at a reduced price with an eye to the subsequent sale of another. Business Examples: Most Gillette razors are inexpensive. But in order to buy cassettes for them, the buyer needs to spend money. To maintain this business model, additional products must be protected with a patent or tied to a platform so that competitors cannot release it.

5. Brokerage business model- an element that connects buyers and sellers with the receipt of a commission for their services. It brings huge profits when using the monopoly advantage. This technology of doing business differs from others in scope and network effects. She does not give the desired results without the proper number of sellers and buyers.

In total, this business model can exist in 6 options:

Sale physical goods. Buyers become participants in the auction, and the product is taken by the one who offered the maximum price. According to this model, the world-famous Ebay site works effectively.
Rental of physical goods. Buyers for a limited period of time (usually on vacation) are given access to real estate for sale. So does Airbnb.com, for example.
Platforms for the sale of virtual goods. For example, Apple and Android offer to buy third-party application platform users.
Financial goods. This category includes all brokerage companies, banks and financial institutions.
Social Services. Sites such as oDesk, Elance, 99designs, Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk), offer their audience services for certain types of work that are popular with buyers (employers).
An experience. On the Sweemo website, users can experience new sensations and get an unforgettable experience from visiting a vibrant show, backstage, studio, etc.

6. The business model of the landlord.The company rents a room or goods for a specified period for a certain price. This group includes hotels, airlines. This business model applies to physical goods. But in recent years, it has spread to Internet products, for example, e-books, music.

7. Advertising business model- Leading in the work of Internet sites. The basis of their main income is content generation. The content of sites and advertisements is developed taking into account the characteristics of the model of online business.

If the content is interesting and provides an influx of users to the site, the businessman places his advertisement. The main complexity of this model is the AdBlocker tools (some fragments of the page with unpleasant banners, pop-up windows, etc. are blocked), as well as the wary attitude of the site’s audience to advertising.

This business model is presented in 3 main types:

8. Subscription-based business model.In accordance with it, income is formed from periodic payments of customers, for example, telephone and rental homes. The business model is also suitable for those companies that create software and offer it as a service (SaaS). The main problem of the model is the mass termination of contracts with subscribers when they switch to competitors or to another product.

9. Affiliate (affiliate) marketing . The main component of the model is the service provided to the client. Moreover, as a supplement, he is offered to become a member of the affiliate program for a commission. A good example of the application of the model is the Indian search engine Justdial. Users turn to the company for information about hotels, catering establishments, etc., and Justdial connects them to 3-5 service providers for a commission.

10. Multilevel marketing.The purpose of doing business according to this model is to transfer some customers to the category of sellers. Typical representatives are Amway and Tupperware. In accordance with multi-level marketing, the client audience is divided into certain levels. Customers who actively bring their acquaintances and friends to a distribution company receive the largest reward. The main problem of the model is that consumers often resist and are afraid of commercial interest in themselves.

Features of doing small business in Russia

Beginning entrepreneurs open their own business for a number of reasons. They close the business for an even wider list of reasons. Yes, the dashing 90s, which everyone knows about, have long sunk into oblivion. The legislation of the Russian Federation has stepped far forward, and despite the remaining gaps in it, small business in Russia is no longer an adventure.

Doing small business in Russia has specific features due to a number of conditions, in particular:

political environment;
economic situation;
measures taken by the state in terms of the development of economic activity;
support measures;
legal assistance in the field of small business;
tax policy;
financial and credit conditions;
standard of living in the state.

So far, all of the above factors are far from ideal, which impedes the normal conduct of business, and this should be considered by everyone who plans to start a business. And this situation will continue until Russia develops, including in the production direction, thanks to economic, legal, social, and tactical measures laid down by the government.

Rosstat data show that 50% of all companies in the small business segment are trading. Why? The fact is that renting industrial premises is now expensive, paying taxes is seriously affordable, and the state does not provide entrepreneurs with special support. It is much easier to open an office and sell something on order than to release and then sell the product. And this is the train of thought of every second novice businessman.

Also, young entrepreneurs are afraid of tax authorities and government officials. But today, these fears are completely unsupported. If your plans do not include the sale of prohibited products (narcotic drugs and weapons), you will often not have to deal with officials. And if the accounting department is in perfect condition, then never at all. Be that as it may, both entrepreneurs themselves and the state should strive to create honest and comfortable conditions for doing business, equally.

3 proven business methods

"Chinese" method

It is characterized by speed and mobility. For a businessman who works according to such a scheme, the main thing is more and cheaper.

All profits must be collected within 3-4 months, otherwise someone will certainly come up with something cheaper. Entrepreneurs should be prepared for quick earnings and a lot of business ideas, even if they are not deep, because they lose their relevance as soon as possible within the "Chinese" method. New entrepreneurs are appearing to refine these concepts and make them cheaper. Therefore, there is a risk of being out of work.

Everyone chooses an individual way of doing business. If a businessman does not like to prepare for a long time and is interested in quick money, this form is not for him. If he plans to use loans, then you need to have 10-12 ideas at once. Only in this case, the entrepreneur can achieve the desired results.

Businessmen following the “Chinese” model constantly generate ideas. They quickly get bored of everything, and they easily start a new one, practically without fear of difficulties, unlike others.

The courtship method

This way of doing business is suitable for those who like to care for others. Example: you sell upholstered furniture and I. How will we compete? We make such an advertisement: if you purchase upholstered furniture from me, and not from a neighbor, you will receive a chair as a gift. That is, bypass competitors due to the fact that you provide additional services.

The essence of this model is that the client needs to demonstrate quality service. You will always have buyers, not because you are a professional, but because you know how to provide high-quality customer service. The “caring” method is aimed at long-term business. The main thing here is not to create a network, but an atmosphere. When a person wants not to eat a certain dish, but simply go to a cafe, because he likes the service, the atmosphere, the atmosphere. That is, it is important to establish contact with consumers, to be able to serve them qualitatively, and the highlight should be precisely in the services, since the content will not differ from competitors in any way.

Aristocratic method

Exclusive products for the "elite". Suppose you are a master jeweler. You made a jewelry engraved “Faith. Hope. Love ”especially for a family where the grandmother's name is Vera, the daughter is Hope, the granddaughter is Love. That is, the goods are exclusive. Accordingly, its prime cost is high, since it was created for a limited circle of consumers.

The emphasis in this model is on exclusive. You are selling products designed exclusively for someone else. Therefore, it costs the appropriate money. Suppose a well-known business coach holds trainings for 100 thousand rubles. The high price is due only to a well-known name, despite the fact that the coach graduated from the same higher education institution as others. Exclusive clients go to him in order to later say: “I attended this specialist’s training, I can afford it.”

amoCRM.

A simple SaaS CRM system for creating a contact database and accounting for transactions (with contacts). Contacts and deals can be tagged. Taking into account the amount and status, a sales funnel is formed. There is an API. It is possible to add fields to transaction cards. Integrates with MailChimp.

Megaplan Sales.

The tool provides joint business management in small and medium enterprises of any profile. Designed to increase sales, personnel management and remote work. The system is equipped with CRM, billing, transaction control, task manager, file server, internal mail, forum, module for working with employees.

Customer base.

A simple and convenient system that allows you to maintain a single database, create any tables with more than 8 types of fields, delimit user access rights to information, do personalized electronic mailing, planning time and attaching files, create documents with templates based on any database from any tables etc. It comes in 3 versions: Local, Web and SaaS.

Simple business.

Tool + software client, with the help of which it is convenient to manage tasks, projects and distribute your time. It is also designed to automate the processes of managing a company, corporate website, communication and teamwork (e-mail, telephony, video and audio conferences, chat, etc.), relationships with customers, employees. It also allows you to automate workflow and submission of reports to the tax office and funds, management of accounting and contract documentation. Suitable for installation on your own server.

FreshOffice CRM.

Cloud ecosystem for business. It consists of the following modules: CRM, Marketing, Document management, Orders, Telephony, Analytics, Warehousing and Financial Accounting, E-mail Newsletters, Chat and others. The user's enterprise collectively works in one window of one application, continuously evaluating the effectiveness and monitoring the activities of each of the departments. We can say with confidence that the program provides ease of doing business.

WireCRM.

An online client accounting tool that entrepreneurs, small and medium-sized companies can successfully use. WireCRM provides a basic set of accounting tools (Contact Manager, Transactions Accounting, Events Calendar, Mail and Telephony Integration, Export and Import). Also, this business system has an application store that allows you to install additional functionality. The tool is simple and not overloaded with unnecessary functions, however, if required, they are easy to add.

Zoho CRM.

CRM for small business segment companies. Offers modern ajax tools. Advanced features for sales management. Integration with other Zoho services (in particular, spreadsheets). The program is also equipped with built-in integration with the enterprise website. An interface in Russian is provided.

SalesapCRM.

Online service for accounting customers and transactions. It saves the entire history of dialogs with customers, records of calls, allows you to monitor staff, manage tasks and projects, receive reports online. It independently creates tasks at each stage of the funnel, notifies about the upcoming deadline and automatically sends an SMS notification to the client.

Things are going.

Cloud CRM for small businesses. Convenient and easy to use. A significant advantage is the affordable price.

GEN CRM.

Convenient and functional service for doing business. It integrates with the site, e-mail, telephony, mailing via SMS and e-mail, Yandex.Metrica, 1C and any other external system. Powerful analytics: sales funnel, bounce analysis, daily summary and other reporting.

Successful Doing Business with Facebook

The history of Facebook is a great example for all companies seeking to succeed in business. The social network became widespread, becoming famous all over the world, and its founder - Mark Zuckerberg became the youngest billionaire in history.

It is important to understand that Facebook has taken first place in the world for good reason. He got a breakthrough in the Internet space thanks to a solid foundation - the scientific method.

The scientific method of doing business is the set of methods for obtaining new knowledge in the framework of a particular science. And here Mark Zuckerberg's breakthrough is almost no different from discoveries in the medical industry or, for example, in physics.

Facebook is not only a consequence of the implementation of the talented ideas of a simple Harvard student. The emergence of a social network is a logical continuation of the centuries-old development of communication systems between people.

Einstein and Fleming also did not make breakthroughs from scratch, despite the fact that they were geniuses. Their discoveries were made on the basis of the information that other researchers have accumulated over hundreds of years.

The main advantage of the scientific method is that thanks to it, you can evaluate the potential of an idea before its implementation.

To understand what has helped companies such as Facebook or HubSpot soar, you can look at a simple model proposed by a well-known venture investor named Chamath Palihapitiya. At one time, he served as vice president of Facebook development:

3 stages are distinguished here:

The top of the conversion funnel. Traffic sources and conversion rate (Conversion Rate).
WOW, the moment when a person realizes the real need for your product. Early experience and first impression are formed.
The core value of the product. The stage at which the client begins to solve their problems with the help of the product.

The point is that for the stable development of the business you need to pay attention to each stage. If the product is not in demand, it makes no sense to try to increase traffic. It is also ineffective to improve the quality of the goods if there is no competent lead management.

When improving business processes using the scientific method, certain sequential steps are taken.

Step One: Hypothesis

First of all, you need to establish what issues are most relevant for you - sales channels, target audience, market positioning, or maybe an advertising strategy?

Step Two: Prediction

At this stage, a hypothesis is developed and conclusions are drawn. In our case, it looks like this: “Since the representatives of our target audience are mostly students, placing advertisements in print media will not produce the desired results.”

Step Three: Verification

The hypothesis formed at the previous stage must be checked. For example, you can interview students and find out how often they buy newspapers and magazines, and whether the ads placed there attract their attention. But first, it’s better to check the initial hypothesis and understand whether your main target audience is really students.

Step Four: Conclusions

If the verification shows that the hypothesis and assumption are correct, it is necessary to study all the data collected and draw conclusions.

If an error occurs, make a new assumption and propose a new hypothesis. Remember, even the wrong step is a step towards the goal. Therefore, do not be afraid of experiments and mistakes.

Does the environment affect business

According to some researchers, external factors directly affect the effective operation of all elements of the company. Here we have in mind the "external business environment", which is characterized by:

frequent fluctuations in the exchange rate;
fashionable market trends;
demand among consumers for a particular product.

Beginning entrepreneurs should understand how important it is to adapt to the needs of the general population if they plan to produce products specifically for them. It doesn’t matter whether they want it or not. If the goal of entrepreneurs is not only to keep the company afloat, but also to increase its assets, they should certainly take into account the influence of external parameters.

Internal factors of functioning (internal business environment) of an enterprise are characterized by:

volume of manufactured and sold goods,
the number of outlets (economic business environment), their strategic location,
qualification of full-time specialists,
staffing
the atmosphere in the team, the relationship between management and staff,
the satisfaction of the organization’s staff with their position,
the degree of responsibility of each employee’s attitude to work,
level of commercial education of the head of the company (business environment of the company).

External and internal business environment - the fundamental factors of activity of any enterprise.

When conducting business, responsible departments of the enterprise are necessarily formed. If the external environment sets the requirements for the demand for a particular product, and the company does not satisfy the needs of the company, then it is time to assemble a board of directors and solve pressing problems, adjusting the development and conduct of business, closing the production of individual products, opening new branches and subsidiaries, which will release the necessary product.

The impact of the external environment can be divided into two groups: macro- and microexposure. This classification allows you to clearly study the aspects that are important for the understanding of entrepreneurs who are interested in successful business. These aspects affect the company's business environment. Each is unique, despite the relationship between them.

The first group is decisive in planning the activities of the enterprise in the foreign market. At the diagnostic stage, they draw up a business plan, which reflects the interaction of the enterprise with other companies or the state, outlines various options for doing business and actions in case some factors impede their implementation. Business plans drawn up from this angle determine the essence of the firm's activities (development of the business environment). And already taking into account them, they analyze and plan further work.

When analyzing microexposure, it is necessary to take into account the conditions of existence in which the company is now located. When analyzing them, it is worth taking into account the frequent change in modern market conditions, so you need to provide for all directions of unexpected developments. In fact, this directly affects the planning of the internal structure of the company and its highly specialized activities.

The activities of different enterprises can radically change under the influence of different global processes, for example:

legislative trends;
new technological progress.

They change all the time. Also, conducting international business and Russian business largely depends on the financial viability of customers for whom the company produces goods, as well as on the creditworthiness of citizens and the state banking system in general, the degree of development and profitability of competing firms.

Tracking these parameters is difficult, almost impossible. This is where the commercial professionalism of the owners of the enterprise comes into play, having to constantly analyze the company's position in the market and take into account that its trends can change very, very quickly. And, as already noted, this is primarily due to processes in the legislation.

Often, companies have to deal with various situations - a bank blocking a current account, terminating unilaterally, at the bank's initiative, a service agreement without seemingly obvious reasons, etc.

Since such situations do occur, in this article we will talk about what can cause such actions of the bank, and how to avoid them using a tool such as an information letter to the bank. At the end of the article we will consider a sample letter to the bank about the activities of the enterprise, the form of which can be used in business correspondence with a credit institution.

Motives and powers of the bank

Recently, banks have been empowered to study and analyze the operations of their customers, in order to identify signs of lack of real business in its financial activities, as well as the existence of various tax optimization and “money laundering” schemes. The list of signs indicating such violations of the financial and tax policies is formulated in the provisions set forth in the Bank of Russia Methodological Recommendations No. 18-MP of 07/21/2017.

Thus, within the framework of their own activities, banks are not only entitled, but also obliged, to control financial transactions on their customers' accounts, for their full compliance with the norms of Russian law. Banks are also empowered to demand from the client, in respect of whose activity doubts arise, written explanations regarding the economic component of a particular operation. The answer to a banking institution on such a request is an information letter to the bank about the organization's activities.

Letter to the bank about the organization: a sample document and its structure

The right and attempts of the bank to verify the reality of the business and activities of the organization should be treated constructively. In order for a credit institution not to have grounds for applying penalties, it is necessary to promptly and in essence of its request provide a letter to the bank on the activities of the organization, a sample of which must meet the requirements of business correspondence and contain the information requested by the bank.

Information letters for the bank are classified as business letters. The form and sample letter to the bank must :

comply with the general rules of business etiquette, and comply with the rules of business correspondence;

A standard sample letter to the bank about the activities of the enterprise (organization, company) was not approved by any regulatory acts, therefore, in the business correspondence with the credit institution, the form and structure that is provided for in the particular bank with which the agent has concluded a service agreement is used.

As a rule, credit institutions in business correspondence use standard forms of written messages, so we can say that by its structure a sample letter to the bank should have:

details of the sending organization

are indicated in the left corner of the letter. Information (name of the organization, its address and contact numbers, outgoing and date of registration of correspondence) can be printed or indicated by affixing a corner stamp of the organization. When using letterhead, only the outgoing No. and the date of registration of the letter are indicated;

recipient information

indicates the official, name of the bank;

title of the document

the heading should specify the essence of the content, for example, a letter about the change of bank details - a sample of the correct name will be as follows: “On the change of details”;

the presentation of this part should be in a notification form and contain only specific information that responds to the bank’s request (if the letter to the credit organization is a response to that), or information on aspects of the activity that require the bank to be notified about them;

application information (if any)

indicates the list of documents requested by the credit institution (for example, to confirm the reality of the business);

the position and surname of the official who signed the letter to the bank shall be indicated.

Business diagram example for a bank

The commercial department of the Wholesale company draws them up in the amount of 3 copies. The buyer goes to the warehouse. In the warehouse, he receives consumer goods and 1 copy. issued invoice. Of the 2 remaining invoices, one remains in the warehouse for reporting, the other is transferred to the accounting department of the Wholesale Company.

Contract Wholesale company-Warehouse The wholesale company and the Warehouse enter into an Agreement for the provision of custody services. Based on the contract, the Wholesale company transfers the Warehouse Consumer Goods to the Warehouse. Transmission of consumer goods is fixed by the Act of acceptance. Each month, the Warehouse invoices the Wholesale Firm for custody services.

An invoice is issued in advance for the next month. The wholesale company pays the bill. At the end of the month, the Warehouse and the Wholesale Company sign an acceptance certificate for the delivery of works in the amount of the services provided.

In addition, the Warehouse provides the Wholesale Firm with a monthly report on the actual released consumer goods.

Business processes: examples and description

At the same time, they also want the stock of goods to be always in stock. Whereas the supply department plans to purchase a narrow range and in large quantities.
Indeed, in such cases, they will work efficiently, and their main indicator will increase (more precisely, the price from the supplier will fall). That is, there is a business implementation process that departments look at differently.

The process approach He sees everything that happens as a set of processes. There are basic and supportive. Each process has its own specific goal, which is subordinate to the task facing the whole company.

Attention

In addition, there is an owner who manages resources and is responsible for the implementation of all necessary. There should also be a system for quality control and error correction.

It goes without saying that no process can proceed without resources. And the list of components is completed by a system of indicators by which business processes are evaluated.

Business plan for a loan

If the loan is large, the reserve becomes a rather serious burden for the bank. Providing a business plan helps to reduce risks, and therefore the size of the reserve.
Other cases in which a bank may request a business plan:

Long-term lending (on average, from 3 years).
Use of credit funds for investment purposes (acquisition and construction of fixed assets - buildings, land, equipment).
Lack of sufficient collateral.
Short term of the enterprise (less than 6 months).
Getting loans on favorable terms (for example, subsidizing agricultural producers).

A business plan may be needed when obtaining a standard loan. In this case, the entrepreneur can provide it as additional information about the business to reduce the risks of the bank and, therefore, the interest rate on the loan.

How to draw up a quality business plan, which will be approved by the bank

Info

This means that after obtaining and using the loan in full, the company must extract sufficient profit for further business without borrowed funds (to use the loan effectively). The main nuances that should be considered when developing a business plan: 1.

The plan should take into account the most pessimistic expectations (a drop in exchange rates, an increase in taxes on the company and its property, a significant drop in demand, high inflation, the simultaneous dismissal of a large number of employees, etc.) Employees of the bank’s credit unit will check the document not only for the correctness of the calculations, but also for compliance with the real market situation.

If the trends in the economic situation are such that the business may be in jeopardy, the bank will have additional questions for the entrepreneur.

Description of business processes: the desire for simplicity

Market analysis includes data on consumers of the company's products or services (both active and potential) and what the “seller" can offer to the "buyer";

enterprise economy. Planning a strategy for the development of production is not complete without economic indicators of the enterprise.
The section contains data on estimated gross profit, taxes, types of costs and ways to reduce them;
marketing plan. It involves the company's methods to achieve the required level of sales. Try to incorporate into the overall market structure the distinctive features (or rather the benefits) of your product that will allow you to bypass the competition. It is advisable to compare your activities with competitors in order to clearly demonstrate the promotion of your product or service relative to others;
technical revision.

The most popular of them is graphical, using diagrams made in various notations (notation is a set of characters to indicate something). The most common types of notations for describing business processes are IDEF0, BPMN, EPC (ARIS), etc. As an example, let’s dwell on the diagram made in the BPMN (Business Process Modeling Notation) notation using the PowerDesigner CASE tool (Fig. 1). The main elements in the diagram are: 1. “Process” (function) - a rectangle rounded at the corners; 2. "Transition" - an arrow connecting processes; 3. “Solution” - a rhombus containing a question that can only be answered with “Yes” or “No”; 4. Conditions are text expressions under which the transition from one function to another is carried out. Conditions are always enclosed in square brackets.

How to describe a business scheme for a bank

If a promising picture develops, taking into account all kinds of risks, the bank will most likely give you a loan for the implementation or expansion of the business. Tip: do not overstate the loan amount in order to compensate for the extra expenses, take exactly as much as you need. Reflect the sale of borrowed funds financially so that the bank sees what its money is going to;

applications. The application includes any information that is not included in the remaining sections of the business alan.

If the bank sees in the business plan good potential and the ability to quickly repay the loan, he can offer to finalize it himself.

Therefore, make a plan with all responsibility, both to the lender and to yourself. A business plan is prepared in detail, but with clear explanations of the described business.

In the end, it should be clear to both you and the bank.
To estimate cash flows in the following years, a discount factor is used. The main mistakes made in the business plan:

lack of market forecasts, realistically justified data on demand and market conditions;
technically complex projects that are difficult to implement in the Russian economy;
lack of necessary qualifications of project initiators;
overestimation of forecast income levels (if this is not justified by any objective data, for example, a signed contract with customers);
too optimistic views on market trends (inflation of 1%, depreciation of foreign currency, expectations of subsidies from the state, etc.);
too much water in the business plan.

You can see detailed recommendations and requirements for a business plan on the websites of banks, for example Vnesheconombank (veb.ru) - download in pdf format.
From the point of view of business process management, a document is information on any information medium. Email, report, presentation, SMS are all documents. Sometimes you need to display intermediate products. These are blanks, semi-finished products or simply important parts of the work that go from one process unit to another. Add them at this point. Of necessity. 6 - Add used programs and databases. The process should reflect which programs and databases are used in it. 7 - Arrange tools and materials. If tools and / or materials are used in the process, this should also be displayed. Highlights can be identified in the business process diagram. A detailed description is best given in the comments and special sections of the description. A great option is to draw up a diagram that focuses specifically on the use of tools and materials.

Where does the business process begin and end?
What processes is it associated with? What is exchanging?
What operations are performed? In what order?
Who performs the operations in the process?
What documents are used and appear in the process? In what operation are these documents used / appearing?
What tools, materials, software and databases are used in the process and in what operations?
What are the performance indicators and where exactly are recorded in the business process?

As a modeling notation, I recommend using BPMN. A well-prepared diagram should be easy to understand and informative enough. A business process diagram should be understood by a person from the street. A business process diagram, at the stage of description, should reflect how the process is performed in real life.